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Probation Journal
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Employment and ex-offenders in the United States: Effects of legal and extra legal factors

Sesha Kethineni

David N. Falcone

Illinois State University

One of the critical issues facing the US correctional system is recidivism among male offenders. Although some studies suggest a link between post-incarceration unemployment and crime, others have taken a contrary theoretical approach and consider unemployment to be a major risk factor. To address the unemploymen-crime relationship, this article examines the following: rates of incarceration; cultural factors and social pathologies; factors in prison affecting inmates' ability to gain employment skills; post-prison factors such as stigma, employers' concerns toward hiring ex-offenders, and legal barriers restricting the employment of ex-offenders.

Key Words: employment • ex-offenders • hiring ex-offenders • incarceration • legal barriers • post-prison factors • unemployment

Probation Journal, Vol. 54, No. 1, 36-51 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0264550507073325
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